¿Qué es el ADN?: MedlinePlus Genetics (2024)

FAQs

What is DNA MedlinePlus genetics? ›

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Nearly every cell in a person's body has the same DNA.

MedlinePlus Genetics provides information for the general public about the main features and inheritance of genetic conditions as well as the normal function of related genes and chromosomes and how genetic variations contribute to conditions.

Genetics is the science of genes and how traits are passed on from one generation to the next. People who study genes are geneticists (juh-net-i-sists). Every living thing has DNA. DNA is an amazing chemical present in every cell. It contains all the information cells need to make a fish a fish, or you YOU.

Deoxyribonucleic acid (abbreviated DNA) is the molecule that carries genetic information for the development and functioning of an organism. DNA is made of two linked strands that wind around each other to resemble a twisted ladder — a shape known as a double helix.

Genetic testing is a type of medical test that identifies changes in genes, chromosomes, or proteins. The results of a genetic test can confirm or rule out a suspected genetic condition or help determine a person's chance of developing or passing on a genetic disorder.

Genes—through the proteins they encode —determine how efficiently foods and chemicals are metabolized, how effectively toxins are detoxified, and how vigorously infections are targeted. Genetic diseases can be categorized into three major groups: single-gene, chromosomal, and multifactorial.

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Male fetal progenitor cells persist in maternal blood for as long as 27 years postpartum. Division of Genetics, Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Can DNA tell if you are male or female? ›

The simplest thing DNA can tell you is whether someone is male or female. Apart from some very rare cases, that doesn't even involve looking at their DNA sequence - all you need to know is whether they have X and Y chromosomes (making them male) or a pair of Xs (which makes them female).

One copy is inherited from their mother (via the egg) and the other from their father (via the sperm). A sperm and an egg each contain one set of 23 chromosomes. When the sperm fertilises the egg, two copies of each chromosome are present (and therefore two copies of each gene), and so an embryo forms.

Quantifying these changes has allowed scientists to develop models that calculate a person's biological age, a measure of the “well-being” of their cells. The Horvath clock is one of the most widely-used age clocks and uses DNA methylation data to calculate age (Horvath S, Genome Biology, 2013).

DNA is a chemical that is found in all living cells. It contains genetic information. DNA is an abbreviation for `deoxyribonucleic acid'.

DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic (dee-OK-see-ri-bo-new-klee-ik) acid. It is the genetic information inside the cells of the body that helps make people who they are. Think of DNA as instructions for how to make the body, like the blueprints for a house.

Summary. Like all living organisms, plants use deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as their genetic material. The DNA in plant cells is found in the nucleus, the mitochondria and the chloroplasts. The latter two organelles are descendants of bacteria that were captured by a eukaryotic cell and have become endosymbionts.

The function of DNA is to store all of the genetic information that an organism needs to develop, function, and reproduce. Essentially, it is the biological instruction manual found in each of your cells. The instructions in DNA are written in a simple alphabet that has just four letters—A, T, C, and G.

The statement that describes DNA is: DNA is a molecule that contains genetic instructions used in the development and function of all living organisms.