Abstract
The S1 S2 S3 pattern in the electrocardiogram has been variously defined. Some apply this term to all cases with an S wave in each standard lead, regardless of magnitude, while others use it to indicate situations where the prominent QRS deflection is an S wave in these leads. This latter application, which we prefer, is generally associated with marked right ventricular hypertension, although little has been published specifically about this pattern in children. We have reviewed 100 pediatric patients with electrocardiograms showing predominant S waves in each of the three standard leads. Ninety cases had congenital cardiac defects which were generally associated with manifestations of right ventricular hypertrophy and right ventricular hypertension. The pattern was most common in children with complete transposition of the great vessels and associated interventricular communications and in children having ventricular septal defects with pulmonary hypertension. In addition, in 10 cases without manifestations of cardiac disease this electrocardiographic pattern was demonstrated, although it was usually of an indeterminate axis type, and was associated with an otherwise normal electrocardiogram.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 524-533 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | The American Journal of Cardiology |
| Volume | 16 |
| Issue number | 4 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Oct 1965 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:
Incidence : During the period of this review, electrocardiograms were performed on approxi- * From the Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Hospitals, Minneapolis, Minn . This investigation was supported by a Public Health Service Fellowship HE 19,867 from the National Heart Institute, Bethesda, Md . t Work done while fourth year medical student at the University of Michigan .
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Moller, J. H., White, R. D., Anderson, R. C., & Adams, P. (1965). Significance of the S1S2S3 electrocardiographic pattern in children. The American Journal of Cardiology, 16(4), 524-533. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(65)90029-9
Significance of the S1S2S3 electrocardiographic pattern in children. / Moller, James H.; White, Roger D.; Anderson, Ray C. et al.
In: The American Journal of Cardiology, Vol. 16, No. 4, 10.1965, p. 524-533.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
Moller, JH, White, RD, Anderson, RC & Adams, P 1965, 'Significance of the S1S2S3 electrocardiographic pattern in children', The American Journal of Cardiology, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 524-533. https://doi.org/10.1016/0002-9149(65)90029-9
Moller JH, White RD, Anderson RC, Adams P. Significance of the S1S2S3 electrocardiographic pattern in children. The American Journal of Cardiology. 1965 Oct;16(4):524-533. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(65)90029-9
Moller, James H. ; White, Roger D. ; Anderson, Ray C. et al. / Significance of the S1S2S3 electrocardiographic pattern in children. In: The American Journal of Cardiology. 1965 ; Vol. 16, No. 4. pp. 524-533.
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title = "Significance of the S1S2S3 electrocardiographic pattern in children",
abstract = "The S1 S2 S3 pattern in the electrocardiogram has been variously defined. Some apply this term to all cases with an S wave in each standard lead, regardless of magnitude, while others use it to indicate situations where the prominent QRS deflection is an S wave in these leads. This latter application, which we prefer, is generally associated with marked right ventricular hypertension, although little has been published specifically about this pattern in children. We have reviewed 100 pediatric patients with electrocardiograms showing predominant S waves in each of the three standard leads. Ninety cases had congenital cardiac defects which were generally associated with manifestations of right ventricular hypertrophy and right ventricular hypertension. The pattern was most common in children with complete transposition of the great vessels and associated interventricular communications and in children having ventricular septal defects with pulmonary hypertension. In addition, in 10 cases without manifestations of cardiac disease this electrocardiographic pattern was demonstrated, although it was usually of an indeterminate axis type, and was associated with an otherwise normal electrocardiogram.",
author = "Moller, {James H.} and White, {Roger D.} and Anderson, {Ray C.} and Paul Adams",
note = "Funding Information: Incidence : During the period of this review, electrocardiograms were performed on approxi- * From the Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Hospitals, Minneapolis, Minn . This investigation was supported by a Public Health Service Fellowship HE 19,867 from the National Heart Institute, Bethesda, Md . t Work done while fourth year medical student at the University of Michigan .",
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N1 - Funding Information:Incidence : During the period of this review, electrocardiograms were performed on approxi- * From the Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota Hospitals, Minneapolis, Minn . This investigation was supported by a Public Health Service Fellowship HE 19,867 from the National Heart Institute, Bethesda, Md . t Work done while fourth year medical student at the University of Michigan .
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N2 - The S1 S2 S3 pattern in the electrocardiogram has been variously defined. Some apply this term to all cases with an S wave in each standard lead, regardless of magnitude, while others use it to indicate situations where the prominent QRS deflection is an S wave in these leads. This latter application, which we prefer, is generally associated with marked right ventricular hypertension, although little has been published specifically about this pattern in children. We have reviewed 100 pediatric patients with electrocardiograms showing predominant S waves in each of the three standard leads. Ninety cases had congenital cardiac defects which were generally associated with manifestations of right ventricular hypertrophy and right ventricular hypertension. The pattern was most common in children with complete transposition of the great vessels and associated interventricular communications and in children having ventricular septal defects with pulmonary hypertension. In addition, in 10 cases without manifestations of cardiac disease this electrocardiographic pattern was demonstrated, although it was usually of an indeterminate axis type, and was associated with an otherwise normal electrocardiogram.
AB - The S1 S2 S3 pattern in the electrocardiogram has been variously defined. Some apply this term to all cases with an S wave in each standard lead, regardless of magnitude, while others use it to indicate situations where the prominent QRS deflection is an S wave in these leads. This latter application, which we prefer, is generally associated with marked right ventricular hypertension, although little has been published specifically about this pattern in children. We have reviewed 100 pediatric patients with electrocardiograms showing predominant S waves in each of the three standard leads. Ninety cases had congenital cardiac defects which were generally associated with manifestations of right ventricular hypertrophy and right ventricular hypertension. The pattern was most common in children with complete transposition of the great vessels and associated interventricular communications and in children having ventricular septal defects with pulmonary hypertension. In addition, in 10 cases without manifestations of cardiac disease this electrocardiographic pattern was demonstrated, although it was usually of an indeterminate axis type, and was associated with an otherwise normal electrocardiogram.
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